[Bug?]: ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND with Yarn 4.6.0

[Methuselah96]

Self-service

• I'd be willing to implement a fix

Describe the bug

Module resolution fails for some combination of CJS and ESM as of Yarn 4.6.0. It works when using Yarn 4.5.3 or npm (with both Node 22.12.0 and Node 22.11.0).

To reproduce

1. Clone https://github.com/Methuselah96/test-jest
2. Run yarn install
3. Run yarn test
4. Observe error:

Error [ERR_MODULE_NOT_FOUND]: Cannot find package 'babel-jest' imported from C:\Users\nbier\Documents\test-jest\jestTransformer.js
Did you mean to import "babel-jest/build/index.js"?
    at packageResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:857:9)
    at moduleResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:926:18)
    at defaultResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/resolve:1056:11)
    at ModuleLoader.defaultResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:654:12)
    at #cachedDefaultResolve (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:603:25)
    at ModuleLoader.getModuleJobForRequire (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:353:53)
    at new ModuleJobSync (node:internal/modules/esm/module_job:341:34)
    at ModuleLoader.importSyncForRequire (node:internal/modules/esm/loader:326:11)
    at loadESMFromCJS (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1414:24)
    at Module._compile (node:internal/modules/cjs/loader:1547:5)

Environment

System:
    OS: Windows 11 10.0.26100
    CPU: (20) x64 13th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-13500
  Binaries:
    Node: 22.12.0 - ~\AppData\Local\Temp\xfs-d16ac07e\node.CMD
    Yarn: 4.6.0 - ~\AppData\Local\Temp\xfs-d16ac07e\yarn.CMD
    npm: 10.9.0 - C:\Program Files\nodejs\npm.CMD
    bun: 1.1.0 - ~\.bun\bin\bun.EXE

Additional context

No response