Add fragments support in GraphQlTester

This commit adds support for GraphQL fragments with `GraphQlTester`.
Fragments allow to avoid repetition in GraphQL requests by reusing
field selection sets.

For example, the "releases" fragment can be reused in multiple queries
and make the overall document shorter:

```
query frameworkReleases {
  project(slug: "spring-framework") {
    name
    ...releases
  }
}
query graphqlReleases {
  project(slug: "spring-graphql") {
    name
    ...releases
  }
}

fragment releases on Project {
  releases {
    version
  }
}
```

With this change, `GraphQlTester` accepts fragments as `String` or can
load them by their name using the configured `DocumentSource`, similarly
to the document support.

Closes gh-964

spring-graphql-docs/modules/ROOT/pages/client.adoc

@@ -476,6 +476,55 @@ You can then:
 <1> Load the document from "projectReleases.graphql"
 <2> Provide variable values.
 
+
+This approach also works for loading fragments for your queries.
+Fragments are reusable field selection sets that avoid repetition in a request document.
+For example, we can use a `...releases` fragment in multiple queries:
+
+[source,graphql,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+.src/main/resources/graphql-documents/projectReleases.graphql
+----
+	query frameworkReleases {
+		project(slug: "spring-framework") {
+			name
+			...releases
+		}
+	}
+	query graphqlReleases {
+        project(slug: "spring-graphql") {
+            name
+            ...releases
+        }
+    }
+----
+
+This fragment can be defined in a separate file for reuse:
+
+[source,graphql,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+.src/main/resources/graphql-documents/releases.graphql
+----
+	fragment releases on Project {
+    	releases {
+            version
+        }
+    }
+----
+
+
+You can then send this fragment along the query document:
+
+[source,java,indent=0,subs="verbatim,quotes"]
+----
+	Project project = graphQlClient.documentName("projectReleases") <1>
+			.fragmentName("releases") <2>
+			.retrieveSync()
+			.toEntity(Project.class);
+----
+<1> Load the document from "projectReleases.graphql"
+<2> Load the fragment from "releases.graphql" and append it to the document
+
+
+
 The "JS GraphQL" plugin for IntelliJ supports GraphQL query files with code completion.
 
 You can use the `GraphQlClient` xref:client.adoc#client.graphqlclient.builder[Builder] to customize the

spring-graphql-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/graphql/test/tester/DefaultGraphQlTester.java

@@ -123,6 +123,8 @@ private final class DefaultRequest implements Request<DefaultRequest> {
 		@Nullable
 		private String operationName;
 
+		List<String> fragments = new ArrayList<>();
+
 		private final Map<String, Object> variables = new LinkedHashMap<>();
 
 		private final Map<String, Object> extensions = new LinkedHashMap<>();
@@ -138,6 +140,21 @@ public DefaultRequest operationName(@Nullable String name) {
 			return this;
 		}
 
+		@Override
+		public DefaultRequest fragment(String fragment) {
+			Assert.hasText(fragment, "Fragment should not be empty");
+			this.fragments.add(fragment);
+			return this;
+		}
+
+		@Override
+		public DefaultRequest fragmentName(String fragmentName) {
+			String fragment = DefaultGraphQlTester.this.documentSource.getDocument(fragmentName)
+					.block(DefaultGraphQlTester.this.responseTimeout);
+			Assert.hasText(fragment, "DocumentSource completed empty for fragment " + fragmentName);
+			return this.fragment(fragment);
+		}
+
 		@Override
 		public DefaultRequest variable(String name, @Nullable Object value) {
 			this.variables.put(name, value);
@@ -176,7 +193,9 @@ public Subscription executeSubscription() {
 		}
 
 		private GraphQlRequest request() {
-			return new DefaultGraphQlRequest(this.document, this.operationName, this.variables, this.extensions);
+			StringBuilder document = new StringBuilder(this.document);
+			this.fragments.forEach(document::append);
+			return new DefaultGraphQlRequest(document.toString(), this.operationName, this.variables, this.extensions);
 		}
 
 		private DefaultResponse mapResponse(GraphQlResponse response, GraphQlRequest request) {

spring-graphql-test/src/main/java/org/springframework/graphql/test/tester/GraphQlTester.java

@@ -49,14 +49,14 @@
  * </ul>
  *
  * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
+ * @author Brian Clozel
  * @since 1.0.0
  */
 public interface GraphQlTester {
 
 	/**
 	 * Start defining a GraphQL request with the given document, which is the
-	 * textual representation of an operation (or operations) to perform,
-	 * including selection sets and fragments.
+	 * textual representation of an operation (or operations) to perform.
 	 * @param document the document for the request
 	 * @return spec for response assertions
 	 * @throws AssertionError if the response status is not 200 (OK)
@@ -145,6 +145,28 @@ interface Request<T extends Request<T>> {
 		 */
 		T operationName(@Nullable String name);
 
+		/**
+		 * Append the given fragment section to the {@link #document(String) request document}.
+		 * A fragment describes a selection of fields to be included in the query when needed
+		 * and is defined with the {@code fragment} keyword.
+		 * @param fragment the fragment definition
+		 * @return this request spec
+		 * @since 1.3
+		 * @see <a href="http://spec.graphql.org/October2021/#sec-Language.Fragments">Fragments specification</a>
+		 */
+		T fragment(String fragment);
+
+		/**
+		 * Variant of {@link #fragment(String)} that uses the given key to resolve
+		 * the GraphQL fragment document from a file with the help of the configured
+		 * {@link Builder#documentSource(DocumentSource) DocumentSource}.
+		 * @param fragmentName the name of the fragment to append
+		 * @return this request spec
+		 * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the fragmentName cannot be resolved
+		 * @since 1.3
+		 */
+		T fragmentName(String fragmentName);
+
 		/**
 		 * Add a variable.
 		 * @param name the variable name

spring-graphql-test/src/test/java/org/springframework/graphql/test/tester/GraphQlTesterTests.java

@@ -32,15 +32,35 @@
 import org.springframework.graphql.GraphQlRequest;
 
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThat;
+import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatIllegalStateException;
 import static org.assertj.core.api.Assertions.assertThatThrownBy;
 
 /**
  * Tests for {@link GraphQlTester} with a mock {@link ExecutionGraphQlService}.
  *
  * @author Rossen Stoyanchev
+ * @author Brian Clozel
  */
 public class GraphQlTesterTests extends GraphQlTesterTestSupport {
 
+	@Test
+	void missingDocumentByName() {
+		String document = "{me {name, friends}}";
+		getGraphQlService().setDataAsJson(document, "{\"me\": {\"name\":\"Luke Skywalker\", \"friends\":[]}}");
+
+		assertThatIllegalStateException().isThrownBy(() -> graphQlTester().documentName("unknown").execute())
+				.withMessageContaining("Failed to find document, name='unknown', under location(s)=[class path resource [graphql-test/]]");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void resolveDocumentByName() {
+		String document = "{me {name, friends}}";
+		getGraphQlService().setDataAsJson(document, "{\"me\": {\"name\":\"Luke Skywalker\", \"friends\":[]}}");
+
+		GraphQlTester.Response response = graphQlTester().documentName("me").execute();
+		response.path("me.name").hasValue();
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void hasValue() {
 
@@ -243,6 +263,58 @@ query HeroNameAndFriends($episode: Episode) {
 		assertThat(request.getVariables()).containsEntry("keyOnly", null);
 	}
 
+	@Test
+	void documentWithFragment() {
+		String document = """
+		query meQuery {
+			me {name, ...friendsField}
+		}
+		""";
+		String fragment =
+		"""
+		fragment friendsField on User {
+			friends
+		}
+		""";
+		getGraphQlService().setDataAsJson(document + fragment, "{\"me\": {\"name\":\"Luke Skywalker\", \"friends\":[]}}");
+
+		GraphQlTester.Response response = graphQlTester().document(document).fragment(fragment).execute();
+		response.path("me.name").hasValue();
+
+		assertThat(getActualRequestDocument()).contains(document);
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void missingFragmentByName() {
+		String document = "{me {name, friends}}";
+		getGraphQlService().setDataAsJson(document, "{\"me\": {\"name\":\"Luke Skywalker\", \"friends\":[]}}");
+
+		assertThatIllegalStateException().isThrownBy(() -> graphQlTester().document(document).fragmentName("unknown").execute())
+				.withMessageContaining("Failed to find document, name='unknown', under location(s)=[class path resource [graphql-test/]]");
+	}
+
+	@Test
+	void documentWithFragmentName() {
+		String document =
+			"""
+			query meQuery {
+				me {name, ...friendsField}
+			}
+			""";
+		String fragment =
+			"""
+			fragment friendsField on User {
+				friends
+			}
+			""";
+		getGraphQlService().setDataAsJson(document + fragment, "{\"me\": {\"name\":\"Luke Skywalker\", \"friends\":[]}}");
+
+		GraphQlTester.Response response = graphQlTester().document(document).fragmentName("friends").execute();
+		response.path("me.name").hasValue();
+
+		assertThat(getActualRequestDocument()).contains(document);
+	}
+
 	@Test
 	void variablesAsMap() {
 

spring-graphql-test/src/test/resources/graphql-test/friends.graphql

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+fragment friendsField on User {
+	friends
+}

spring-graphql-test/src/test/resources/graphql-test/me.graphql

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{me {name, friends}}